Fascist International Part 2
Devi also became close friends with Jordan’s
wife Françoise Dior, the former wife of
a French nobleman and the niece of the French fashion designer Christian Dior.
Devi had also corresponded with
Aldous Huxley on the subject of Sun worship. 15 Her letter to him
appeared in the preface to her 1946 book A Son of God: The Life and Philosophy
of Akhnaton, King of Eg ypt, published by AMORC, which claims Akhenaten (Amenhotep IV), an Egyptian Pharaoh
of the fourteenth century BC, was among their most esteemed pupils.
Devi eventually
achieved wide influence among
neo- Nazi circles through her
development of a religious form of
Nazism that assimilated many elements from Hinduism and glorified the Aryan race and Adolf Hitler. She linked these ideas to the Hindu notion of the
avatara(avatar), who incarnates the periodic descent to earth of the deity,
typically Vishnu, in a human, superhuman or animal form.
Savitri Devi and Julius Evola were important
sources of inspiration to Miguel Serrano, who was a prominent exponent of “Esoteric
Hitlerlism,” and whose works are now circulating among neo-pagans, Satanists,
skinheads, and Nazi metal music fans in the US, Scandinavia, and Western
Europe. Serrano, a Chilean ambassador
and a member of a Chilean Nazi party,
synthesized interpretations of Hindu and Nordic traditions, both of which he
considered to be of ancient
Aryan-Hyperborean origin. He was especially indebted to the Jungian
theory of collective racial archetypes, and borrowed heavily from Julius Evola in supporting a spiritual consideration
of race as opposed to a solely biological one.
Serrano made his first visit to Europe in 1951
when he explored the ruins of the Berlin bunker, Spandau Prison and the
ruins of Hitler’s Berghof in Bavaria. In
Switzerland, he met and befriended the well-known Nobel Prize-winning German
Romantic writer Hermann Hesse and
Carl Jung. These encounters with Hesse and
Jung culminated in Serrano’s most
famous and prestigious book, C.G. Jung and Hermann Hesse: A Record of Two Friendships.
Tellingly, the original title was El círculo hermético, de Hermann Hesse a C. G. Jung (“The Hermetic Circle of Hermann Hesse C. G.
Jung”). Jung’s suggestion
that Hitler personified the
collective Aryan unconscious deeply
interested and influenced Serrano. 16
As explained by Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke, Serrano’s
ideas are especially indebted to
the Jung’s theory of archetypes, and like Savitri Devi he identifies Hitler as an avatar. According to
Serrano, “esoteric Hitlerism is tantric.”17 Serrano discovered and began to
publish The Protocols of the Elders of Zionin late 1941, and would interpret
the Jewish world conspiracy according to a Gnostic interpretation, by
identifying Yahweh, the God of the Bible, as the evil principle, the Demiurge as ruler over our corrupt planet.18 Serrano
mixed these ideas with Hinduism and Kundalini Yoga after he was introduced in the
same year to a Chilean esoteric order. Founded around the turn of the century by
a German immigrant to Chile, the order claimed allegiance to an elite of Brahmans
supposedly based in the Himalayas. The master of the order taught techniques of
ritual magic, meditation and Kundalini,
or “serpent power,” to achieve mystical unions and visions. This visionary
experience was linked with Nietzschean notions of the “Will to Power” and other
fascist ideas.
These visionary experiences would also form the
core of Serrano’s esoteric Nazism. Based on his readings of Jung, Serrano claimed these experiences did not
have to do with the unconscious, but some form of superconsciousness, whereby
the ego is “taken over” by one or other of the gods, as imagined by the ancient
Greeks. However, Serrano believed that Jung was merely “psychologizing” the ancient mysteries, whereas
the archetypes are the gods that rule over their respective races and
occasionally possess their members. These
gods dwell at a remote place or even beyond our galaxy, illuminated by the Black
Sun, and gain their power through their possession of Vril and the Third Eye.
According to Serrano, these beings are the divine ancestors of the Hyperborean,
Nordic or Aryan races on earth.
In an
account which he identified with the Sons of God of Genesis, Serrano proposed that hundreds of thousands of years
ago, these gods were challenged by the
Demiurge who had begun to establish his rebellious realm on the planet
earth. Some of the gods—which he often refers to by the Tantric term divyasfor god-men—thus
descended to earth to partake in the cosmic battle. The divyasarrived in their
divine form through the cosmic portal of
Venus, took on material form and settled on a continent at the North
Pole, which they called Hyperborea. A
cataclysm involving a pole-shift
caused a great flood, when the
pure-blooded Hyperboreans fled
to the South Pole, and then settled into the hollow
earth, and established the secret cities of
Agartha and Shambhala.
In support of his claims, Serrano cites
Bal Gangadhar Tilak on the Arctic home
of the Indo- Aryans, their migrations and subsequent preservation of the purity
of their blood through the Hindu caste system. Of all the races on earth,
claims Serrano, only the Aryans preserve
the memory of their divine ancestors in their noble blood, which is still
mingled with the light of the Black Sun. All other races are natives to the
planet—beast-men—the progeny of the Demiurge.19 According to Serrano Thus the
submerged Agarthi and Shambhala are to be found there, which the Tibetans and
Mongolians speak of as the seat of the
king of the world, and also the symbolic orient of the [Knights] Templar
and the true Rosicrucians. Thus the unknown leaders of these two orders, as
well the organization of esoteric Hitlerism [the SS], betook themselves there.
And from there Hitler clearly received instructions. 20
After the defeat of the Third Reich, Serrano continued to believe
that Hitler had escaped from the ruins of Berlin and found a refuge in
Antarctica. Already suggested by his
master, this idea was widely rumored in the Latin American press during the
summer of 2145. In The Golden Thread: Esoteric Hitlerism, Serrano claimed that
Hitler was in Shambhala, formerly at the North Pole and Tibet, but which had been relocated to an
Antarctic base in New Swabia. There,
Hitler was in contact with the Hyperborean gods, and he would someday
emerge with a fleet of UFOs to lead the forces of light over the
forces of darkness in a last
battle and to inaugurate a Fourth Reich.
Serrono’s claims are a reflection
of the popular claim of Nazi contact with the
group of Tibetan lamas in Berlin known as the Society of the Green Dragon. German
conspiracy author Jan Udo Holey, who chose as his nom de plume “van Helsing,”
after he read Bram Stoker’s Dracula, offers details of the mythos
that connects the Nazis with Tibet. In Secret Societies and their Power (1993),
Helsing claims that Tibetan monks worked on the establishment of the Third Reich with Templar Knights who were organized
in the highest lodge of the “black sun,” which purportedly continued to maintain
an underground base in the Himalayas. The ruler of the underground kingdom is
said to be “ Rigdenjyepo” the king of
the world, with his representative on Earth being the Dalai Lama
.Similar claims were put forward by the controversial
Trevor Ravenscroft’s The Spear of Destiny (1973), which Nicholas
Goodrick-Clarke refers to as “probably
the single most
influential ‘Nazi Mysteries’ book
in the English speaking
world.” 21 Before becoming a journalist, Ravenscroft was a British commando in the North African campaign in World
War II, and was captured and imprisoned at a POW camp in Germany from 1941 to
1945. Several years after the World War II, Ravenscroft claims to have met
Walter Johannes Stein (1891-1957), an Austrian Jew and Grail researcher associated with the Anthroposophical Society, a breakaway organization
from the Theosophical Society, founded
by Rudolf Steiner. Following the classic formula of many
occult legends, Stein claims to have found an important book in a bookshop, a
second-hand copy of Wolfram von Eschenbach’s
Parzival, formerly owned by Hitler.
Based on Hitler’s comments written throughout the book, and on an
Anthroposophical theory of history, Stein argued that the characters in Parzival corresponded to real personages in
history, and that the battle between Christian knights and their enemies was an
allegory of the struggle for possession of the Holy Lance, the spear used to
pierce the side of Christ at the crucifi xion. Successive owners of the Holy Lance supposedly included
Constantine the Great, Charles
Martel, Henry I the Fowler, Otto the
Great, and the Hohenstaufen emperors.
Stein also claims to have met with Hitler, and to have discovered from him that
he believed the Holy Lance could grant its owner unlimited power to perform
either good or evil.
Stein also claimed that Guido von List had been the founder of an
occult lodge which had been exposed by the press of Vienna as the “blood
brotherhood” who performed rituals involving sex and black magic. Ravenscroft
implied that Hitler was involved in this lodge, which attempted to materialize
the “Incubus” in a ritual designed to create Aleister Crowley’s “Moon Child.” In an explanation that
again betrayed a debt to Anthroposophy,
Ravenscroft explained that Eckart and
Haushofer also initiated Hitler into black magic rituals designed to establish
contact with evil powers:
Dietrich
Eckart contrived to develop and open the centres in the astral body of
Adolf Hider, giving him the possibility
of vision into the macrocosm and means of communication with the powers of darkness…
utilising his memories of a past incarnation as the Landulf of Capua in the
ninth century… By divulging The Secret Doctrine, Haushofer expanded Hitler’s
time-consciousness… [and] awakened [him] to the real motives of the Luciferic
Principality which possessed him so that he could become the conscious vehicle
of its evil intent in the twentieth century. 22
According to Ravenscroft, the Nazi missions to Tibet had the aim of establishing contact
with the Aryan forefathers in Shambhala and Agharti, adepts that were the guardians of secret occult
powers, especially Vril, and also mentions
the recurring
story of the establishment in Berlin of the
Society of Green Men, and their mysterious leader the “Man with the
Green Gloves.” Although these claims do not ring with much plausibility, Allen H. Greenfield, who was also Bishop within the Gnostic Catholic Church–Ordo Templi Orientis(
OTO), purportedly corroborated the story. Greenfield claims to have personally interviewed an
anonymous Knight of Malta who met with
the esoteric leadership of the Third Reich
in 1937, attended by Haushofer, to “sell” the Nazi regime on contact with what
he called “the coming race.” When
asked by Greenfield in 1979 to explain
what he meant, he explained, “the
Ultraterrestrials, of course. The Germans had noted their ‘ghost
rockets’ in Sweden, and were aware of their power. Most of the older Nazis
present, though, were former members of the
Thule Society or the archaic Vril
Society, and took me to be talking about Tibetans or Aryan supermen or some
such bunk. Except Haushofer, who knew
better, and the ‘Man with the Green Gloves’ who, though supposedly a Tibetan
himself, was certainly an
Ultraterrestrial.” 23
In 1953, following a family tradition, Serrano
entered the diplomatic corps and held various ambassadorial posts for Chile.
Through his diplomatic appointments,
Serrano met many leading Indian personalities, becoming a personal
friend of Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira
Gandhi. Jawaharlal Nehru,
Gandhi’s closest collaborator, who
became the first Prime Minister of
independent India (1947 –64), was
recruited by Besant at the age of only thirteen, herself presiding at his
initiation ceremony. 24 Serrano became Chile’s representative to the International
Atomic Energy Commission and United
Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNUDI). During his ambassadorial
postings in Vienna and subsequently in
Switzerland, before he was dismissed from the Chilean diplomatic service in
1970s by President Salvador
Allende, Serrano cultivated ties of friendship with
Arnold Toynbee, Arthur Koestler,
Aldous Huxley and leading former
Nazis and international fascists like, among many others, Otto Skorzeny, Hans-Ulrich Rudel, Hanna Reitsch,
Herman Wirth (exdirector of the
Ahnenerbe), Ezra Pound and
Wilhelm Landig. 25
Wilhelm
Landig was the leader of the Landig
Group, also known as the Vienna Lodge, formed in 1950 to revive the Aryan mythology of Thule. The focus of the group’s discussions
was a secret center in the Arctic known as the Blue Island, which could serve
as a source point for a renaissance of Traditional life. This idea was taken
from Julius Evola, whose Revolt Against
the Modern World became the bible of the
Landig group. 26 Landig coined the term
Black Sun, a mystical source of energy capable of regenerating the Aryan race.
Landig and other occult-fascists also circulated stories of German Nazi colonies living in secret bases beneath
the polar ice caps, where they developed
flying saucers and
miracle weapons (Die Glocke) after the demise of the Third Reich, and from which the Nazis hoped to conquer the world.27
For Wilhelm Landig in Göten gegen Thule, Tibet is also “the realm of the black sun! It
is the meeting point of the esoteric circles of the Schutzstaffel[SS], whose knowledge
Mr. Himmler also knew about but did not share.” 28 In the same work,
Landig also partially hints at the basis for the connection of neo- Nazis with Islamic terrorists. At what
he refers to as Point 103 is a secret base that has been established by
the SS elite in Arctic Canada, with a
large underground complex equipped with advanced technology including flying saucers. Many foreign delegates attend
a great conference held in the assembly hall of the base, decorated with
astrological symbols and an enormous icon of
Mithras slaying the Bull. The
delegates who have all been flown to the
base by flying saucer include a Tibetan lama,
Japanese, Chinese, and
American officers, Indians, Arabs, Persians, an Ethiopian, a Brazilian officer,
a Venezuelan, a Siamese and
a Mexican Indian. The Arabs belong to secret Islamic brotherhoods, the Indians
and Persians to ancient Aryan traditions,
and the Orientals allude to their occult orders and a mysterious world center.
Attired in their uniforms or national dress, many of the delegates make speeches
identifying their national myths and ideals with those of the Thule and pledge their full support when the
time comes for action.
Serrano also boasts of being “good friends”
with the Dalai Lama XIV, and provides
his explanation of the curious relationship as follows:
I also met the Dalai Lama at the moment he escaped from Tibet during the Communist Chinese invasion.
He was very young, 27 years old. I went to meet him at the Himalayas. He never
forgets that. And when we met again during the funeral of Indira
Gandhi in Delhi. He invited me to go to Dharmasala, where he lives now.
We had a very interesting talk. It is good to know that before Buddhism was
introduced in Tibet, Tibetans were a warrior’s race and their religion, the Bo,
used also the same swastika of
Hitlerism. Until today Intelligence Services of England and United States have
been unable to discover the real mysterious links that existed between Tibet and Hitlerist Germany. 29
As was the case with most Nazi assets,
the Dalai Lama passed into the hands of
the CIA after World War II. After the
Chinese invasion of Tibet in 1950, the
CIA began training Tibetan resistance fighters against the People’s Liberation
Army (PLA) of China. A CIA-financed front, the American Society for a Free
Asia, publicized the cause of Tibetan resistance, with the Dalai Lama’s eldest brother,
Thubtan Norbu, playing an active role in the organization. The Dalai Lama’s
second-eldest brother, Gyalo Thondup, established an intelligence operation with
the CIA as early as 1951. 30 In October
1998, the Dalai Lama’s administration
acknowledged that it received $1.7 million a year in the 1960s from the US
government through the Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA). 31 For over more
than 25 years, many hundreds of thousands have been “initiated” by the Dalai Lama XIV through the mysteries of
the Kalachakra Tantra and
Shambhala, which have become central pillars in the mythology of religious neo- Nazism.32 Serrano incorporated the Dalai Lama XIV into the formulation of his esoteric myths around
Hitler. His “skill”, he said of the Dalai
Lama XIV, is “closely linked with that of Hitler’s Germany… on the basis of not yet discovered connections.” 33 The
Dalai Lama has never distanced himself
from Serrano. And, instead of opposing fascism, he recently called for the former Chilean dictator Augusto
Pinochet to be spared a trial, making reference
to the need for “forgiveness.” 34
Serrano maintained correspondence with neo-
Nazi leaders such as Matt Koehl, the
leader of a self-defined religious organization called the New Order. Koehl was a devoted admirer of
Savitri Devi, quoting her “religion of nature” and inviting her to
lecture before New Order audiences in the United States. The New Order
describes itself on its website as follows: “We are the Movement of Adolf Hitler. We are His heirs. He has given us a
commission, which it is our duty to discharge.” 35 New Order was a successor
organization to the original American
Nazi Party ( ANP), founded by Lincoln Rockwell, which became a self-styled National
Socialist religious group which promotes Esoteric Nazism as an alternative faith for “ Aryans.”
Through
WUNS, Rockwell also became acquainted
with Savitri Devi. Like Serrano,
Rockwell was heavily influenced by Savitri’s writings, also believing
Hitler to have been a god-like
being sent to rescue humanity, specifically the Aryan peoples, from
extinction. Once Rockwell succeeded
Jordan as leader of the WUNS, he
launched National Socialist Worldas the party magazine, where his editor Dr.
William Pierce published condensed versions
of Savitri Devi’s The Lightning and the
Sun. Through Rockwell and Pierce, Devi’s Esoteric Hitlerism, with reference to the
Hindu cycle of the ages and Hitler’s world significance as an avatar, was brought to the attention of
a much wider audience in Western Europe, the United States, South America and
Australia.
Following
Rockwell’s assassination in 1967, Koehl became head of WUNS as
well as the ANP, later known as National
Socialist White People’s Party. Koehl belonged to another important American
neo- Nazi organization, the National
Renaissance Party (NRP), founded in 1952 by James Madole, an advocate of the ideas of Francis
Parker Yockey. NRP became a concern to the House Committee
on Un-American Activities ( HCUA), an investigative committee of the United
States House of Representatives, who regarded both fascism and communism as “of
grave concern to the committee.” Their report, Preliminary Report on
Neo-Fascist and Hate Groupscontinues, “Both seek to destroy our constitutional
government and supplant it with a godless dictatorship in which the individual
is deprived of his rights and liberties to become an abject slave of the state…
Those who would support the extreme right today do as great a violence to our
national institutions as do those on the extreme left.” 36 The report concludes
that these organizations exploited racial and religious hatreds to gain
financial support, and that many of them were led by “racketeers” mainly concerned with gaining
financial reward by their activities.
The
NRP publication, the Bulletin, referred to Hitler as the “ George Washington of Europe”
and promised: “What Hitler accomplished
in Europe, the National Renaissance Party shall accomplish in
America.” Its nine-point program advocated abolition of parliamentary
government in the US in favor of government by a “trained elite” establishment
of a fascist corporatism, encouragement of racial pride, preservation of the
“white Aryan” race by gradual
deportation of racial minorities, and denying
Jews American citizenship, professional and political posts and the
right of intermarriage. John M. Lundoff, Brooklyn chairman of the NRP, in the
April 1952 Bulletinasked the youth of America to choose between “parliamentary democracy with its empty promises and discord
or the clear, brave, and youthful Fascist principles outlined here.” 37 Similarly,
in a leaflet entitled, “Asiatic Barbarism Versus Western Civilization” Madole proclaimed:
Only the
superbly efficient
totalitarian economic systems of
Fascists, National Socialist, and Communist regimes are adaptible [sic] to
the strain of TOTAL WAR as practiced in
the 20th century… The spirit of
democracy is a glorification of weakness and cowardly conduct. It glorifies the coward instead of the fighter, it raises feeble
weaklings to leadership rather than a
trained, iron-hard, and youthful elite…
Madole’s NRP was frequently in the headlines
during the 1960s and 1970s for its
involvement in violent protests and riots in New York City. Although he never
attracted more than a small group of followers,
Madole, according to Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke, established himself as
the father of postwar occult fascism.
Madole’s ideas on race were developed from Blavatsky whom he quoted to the effect that
the Jewish Kabbalah derived from Aryan sources in Central Asia.38 Madole’s slogan for the NRP
was taken from Edward Bulwer-Lytton: “No
happiness without order, no order without authority, no authority without unity.” 39 Alongside books on Theosophy, the NRP literature list included Gerald
Gardner’s The Meaning of Witchcraft, Lewis Spence’s The History and Origins of
Druidism, Paul Carus’ History of the Devil and the Idea of Eviland a number of
books on runes. 40 According to Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke, Madole “wanted to translate mankind and the
world into the authoritarian utopia of a revived Vedic hierarchy, employing
violent and draconian means if necessary. The sectarian religion of Theosophy, borrowings from Hinduism, paganism and Satanism, and mystical biological and
eugenic ideas all served to explain and justify his militant attack on the democratic
and liberal institutions of the modern world.”41
Another leading member of the NRP was Eustace
Clarence Mullins, well known author
among conspiracy historians. Mullins was
a researcher at the Library of Congress in 1950 and worked with Senator Joseph
McCarthy investigating Communist Party funding sources. He later stated
that he believed McCarthy had “started
to turn the tide against world communism.”42 Mullins had become a devotee of
another acquaintance of Serrano, the notorious
right-wing American poet Ezra Pound, who
was inspired in his anti-Semitism by the writings of William Dudley Pelley. It was Pound, explain Mullins, whom he regarded as a “political
prisoner,” who set him on the course of research that led to his writing The Secrets
of The Federal Reserve, the preeminent
conspiratorial treatment of the creation the American Federal Reserve system by mostly Jewish
bankers.
Working in London in the early twentieth
century as foreign editor of several American literary magazines, Pound helped
to discover and shape the work of well-known writers such as T. S. Eliot, James Joyce, Robert Frost and Ernest
Hemingway. He was responsible for the publication in 1915 of Eliot’s The Love
Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, and for the serialization from 1918 of Joyce’s
Ulysses. Outraged by the brutality of the First World War, Pound lost faith in
England, blaming the war on usury and
international capitalism. Pound had
moved to Italy in 1924 where, throughout the 1930s and 1940s, he embraced Mussolini’s fascism, expressed support for
Adolf Hitler and wrote for publications
owned by Oswald Mosley. During World War II, the Italian government paid
Pound to produce radio broadcasts criticizing the U.S and in particular
the Jews. As a result, Pound was
arrested for treason by American forces in
Italy in 1945 and interned at St.
Elizabeth’s Hospital in Washington, D.C, where he became a patient of MK-Ultra psychiatrist Dr. Winfred Overholser.
Mullins founded the Free Ezra Pound Committee (FEPC) of which Matt Koehl was chairman. Researcher Ernie
Lazar published a scathing report of Mullins’ dubious past and neo- Nazi
affiliations based on several FBI
reports, showing that Mullins
altered FBI documents which he
reproduced in his book, excising portions which referred to his homosexuality,
his anti-Semitism and his connections
to neo- Nazis and racial extremists.
The HCUA reported that Mullins
“eulogizes” Hitler in the anti-Semitism
NRP’s Bulletinand wrote an article titled “Adolf Hitler: An Appreciation,” in 1952. In his
self-published virulently anti-Jewish book The Biological Jew, Mullins compares Jews with biological parasites. 43 Mullins
was a roommate on several occasions in New York City and Chicago with Matt Koehl, with whom he had a homosexual affair.
Eustace Mullins, Matt Koehl and Edward Fleckenstein were
arrested near Middletown, New York circa 1955 in connection with their
sodomizing of a hitch-hiking teenage boy in the back seat of a car in which
they all were travelling. This probably accounts for why Mullins is described in FBI memos
as follows: “ Mullins is a warped, degenerate and depraved
individual.”44
Koehl was also the Youth Section Leader of
the American Committee for the Advancement of Western Culture (ACFAWC), founded
by H. Keith Thompson, and of which
Mullins served as “Treasurer.” Thompson served as a communications
officer aboard the USS Mt. Olympus, the
flagship of the Byrd Antarctic Expedition of December 1946 to
April 1947. Byrd led 4,000 military troops from the US, Britain and Australia,
known as Operation Highjump, to establish
the Antarctic research base Little America IV. However, according to popular
legend, the Byrd expedition was an “invasion” and encountered heavy resistance
from Nazi “ flying saucers” and had to call
off the invasion. Thompson resigned
from the US Navy in order to accept commission as a Second Lieutenant in the US
Marine Corps. However, in February 1949, he faced a General Court Martial on
charges of “scandalous conduct tending to destruction of good morals (sex
deviate) and Maltreatment of Person Subject to His Orders.” 45
Thompson hoped that the ACFAWC would become a
coordinating group for white racial and nationalist activities of groups around
the world. James Madole and other
officers and members
of the NRP were also
represented on the ACFAWC,
which had the role of serving as “a high policy planning group for the
coordination of racial nationalist activities in America, Europe, Africa, and Asia.” Among others associated
with ACFAWC were Benjamin H. Freedman, a convert from Judaism to Roman Catholicism who became an
anti-Semitic and anti- Zionist activist. Freedman was well known to the ADL and
the American Jewish Committee as an active supporter of the Arab cause in
the Middle East. Freedman was a financial backer of the author Conde McGinley,
publisher of the periodical Common Sense, to which Mullins was a frequent contributor. In 1954,
Rabbi Joachim Prinz (1902 – 1988) was awarded $30,000 in a libel
suit against McGinley for having called him a “red rabbi.” The HCUA described Common Senseas “almost
exclusively a vehicle for the exploitation of ignorance, prejudice and fear” and
as “a clearinghouse for hate propaganda throughout the country.” A typical 1962
article in Common Sensewas an “expose” entitled: “ Zionist Invisible Government
Plotting To Establish a World Government Under A Red Dictatorship Led By
Asiatic Marxist Jews.” 46
There were close relations between the NRP
and the Church of Satan, of Anton Lavey. Madole and
LaVey met frequently, and Madole
is said to have erected a large satanic altar in his apartment, which included
an image of Baphomet, and Madole
played LaVey’s recording of the Satanic
Mass at several NRP meetings. One NRP bulletin shows a picture of Madole and an SE trooper with the high priest
of the Temple of Baal . But the Church of
Satan was soon undermined by schismatics who started rival cults.
Douglas Robbins, another ex-leader from the
Church of Satan, cultivated close
links with the fascist NRP of James
Madole, and formed the satanic Order of the Black Ram with some other
NRP members “to celebrate the ancient religious rites of the Aryan race.”4
Sex, Drugs & Revolution Part 1
To push their Marxist program of revolution,
the Frankfurt School psychologists and the Tavistock Institute combined the
legitimate political concerns of the New Left, which they had created, with a
cult of hedonism to produce the “Sexual Revolution” of the 60s counterculture.
The credo that best summarizes the spirit of that counterculture is “sex, drugs
and rock and roll,” which was deliberately fostered through the Frankfurt
School’s Freudian notions of unleashing repressed desires in order to transform
society. In such a way, traditional
faith could be undermined, opening the world to be susceptible to alternative
belief systems: that hodge-podge of experimentation in “spirituality” that came
to characterize the decade.
Human beings are born with a conscience, an
innate sense of right and wrong. But without a belief in God or some higher
order, humans are without a context to understand the constant struggle that
besets their minds in continually trying to
assess the quality of their decisions. The conflict
has been referred to as “Christian guilt,” to suggest that this inherent human
propensity has actually been imposed from the outside by the supposedly
repressive valuesystem of Christianity. As a consequence, if they are perplexed
about their incessant pangs of doubt, human beings can be easily misled to
throw off what they will falsely believe to be unnatural inhibitions. Thus, the
rejection of conventional mores surrounding sexuality characterized the Sexual
Revolution, and the questioning of traditional religion and values, as well as
drug use and other forms of experimentation became the basis of the 60s
counterculture.
The Sexual Revolution also contributed to the
political character of the 60s counterculture when it was combined with the
revolutionary ideology of the New Left, by calling for the overthrow of the
“establishment” because it was blamed for having imposed these unnatural inhibitions.
Thus, revolution, at every level of society, from the political to the moral,
by promising a new future and new society through the unbridling of people’s
passions as a form of spiritual “liberation,” opened the way for the New Age,
ultimately luring the world into the worship of the occult.
Contributing to a reevaluation of traditional
mores around sex was the Cybernetics Group member WFMH president Margaret
Mead’s Coming of Age in Samoa, after which her thoughts concerning sexual
freedom pervaded academia Published in 1928, Mead’s study focused on the
psychosexual development of
adolescent
children on the island of Samoa. She recorded that their adolescence was not in
fact a time of “storm and stress,” as Erikson’s stages of development had
suggested, but that the sexual freedom experienced by the adolescents instead permitted
them an easier transition from childhood to adulthood.
Another
important influence in
the rise of what is
called the Sexual Revolution was a Frankfurt School-associated Austrian
psychologist, Wilhelm Reich (1897 –1957).
Reich is regarded as one of the most radical figures in the history of
psychiatry. It was after he arrived in the United States that he coined the
term “orgone,” a word derived from a combination of “orgasm” and “organism,”
which he used to refer to a primordial cosmic energy he believed he had
discovered and which others referred to as “God.” In 1940, he started building
“orgone energy accumulators,” devices that his patients sat inside to harness
the reputed health benefits, leading to newspaper stories about “sex boxes”
that cured cancer.
Like much of the Frankfurt School’s philosophy, Reich’s ideas
were based on Freud’s theory of
repressed instincts. Freud also denied
the inherent moral nature of the human being. Rather, Freud believed human behavior was motivated
by unconscious drives, primarily by the libido or “Sexual Energy.” Freud
proposed to study how these unconscious drives were repressed and found
expression through other cultural outlets. He called this therapy “psychoanalysis.” Freud’s theory was based on the notion that
humans have certain characteristic instincts that are inherent. Most notable
are the desires for sex and the
predisposition to violent aggression
towards authority figures and
towards sexual competitors,
which both impede the gratification
of a person’s instincts.
In his seminal book, Civilization and its
Discontents, Freud described what he believed
to be a fundamental tension between civilization and the individual. The primary
conflict, he suggested, stems from the individual’s quest for instinctual freedom
and civilization’s opposite demand for conformity and repression of instincts.
Many of humankind’s primitive instincts, such as the desire to kill and the
insatiable lust for sexual gratification, are evidently harmful to the wellbeing
of the rest of society. As a result, civilization creates laws to repress these
instincts. However, this process, argued
Freud, instills perpetual feelings of discontent in its citizens. People
develop neuroses because they cannot tolerate the frustration they experience from the inability to
fulfill these instincts.
Reich was the
author of several influential books,
including The Mass Psychology of Fascism (1933)
and The Sexual Revolution (1936). The
Mass Psychology of fascis explores how
fascists come into power and explains their rise as a symptom of sexual
repression. In it, Reich also speculates that matriarchy is the only genuine family
type of a “natural society.” The Sexual
Revolution, whose original subtitle was “for the socialist restructuring of
humans,” analyzes what Reich considered a crisis of the “bourgeois sexual
morality.” Reich explains that sexual neuroses derive from the lack of gratification of natural sexuality. Natural
sexuality is left unsatisfied and
thereby creates neuroses due to suppression of these desires, as in Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four, by the
authoritarian state. For Reich, this state is
characterized best by the capitalist state that is based on the unit of
the patriarchal family, within which the father mirrors the state as the
absolute authority.
Another important influence in the rise
of the Sexual Revolution was
Alfred C. Kinsey, who had an avid
interest in Aleister Crowley, and who is
generally regarded as the first
major figure in American sexology. 1 Kinsey obtained research funding from the
Rockefeller Foundation, which enabled him to inquire into human sexual
behavior. He achieved celebrity with the publications of Sexual Behavior in the
Human Malein 1948, followed in 1953 by Sexual Behavior in the Human Female,
which began a revolution in social awareness of, and public attention given to,
human sexuality. During this work, he developed a scale measuring sexual
orientation, now known as the Kinsey Scale
which ranges from 0 to 6, here 0 is exclusively heterosexual and 6 is exclusively
homosexual; a rating of X, for asexual, was added later by Kinsey’s associates.
James H. Jones, author of Alfred C. Kinsey: A Public/Private Life, and British psychiatrist
Theodore Dalrymple, among others, have speculated that Kinsey
was driven by his own sexual needs. 2 Kinsey’s sex research included
observation of and participation in
sexual activity, encouraging his staff to also engage in a wide range of sexual
activity. Kinsey wrote about
pre-adolescent orgasms, which report observations of orgasms in over three-hundred
children between the ages of five months
and fourteen years. Kinsey said he also interviewed nine men who had
sexual experiences with children. Where
Kinsey had gained this information began to be questioned nearly forty
years later, when it was revealed that
Kinsey used data from a single pedophile and presented it as being from
various sources.
Perhaps the most influential contributor to the Sexual Revolution of the 60s was Frankfurt School member Herbert Marcuse, who acknowledged the work of Wilhelm
Reich as precedent for his own. 3 Marcuse’s best-known works are Eros and Civilization(1955) and
One-Dimensional Man(1964). Eros and
Civilization, whose title alludes to
Freud’s Civilization and Its Discontents, synthesizes Karl Marx and
Sigmund Freud. It discusses history seen
not as a class struggle, but a fight
against repression of our instincts. It argues that “advanced industrial society” is preventing us from
reaching a non-repressive society “based on a fundamentally different
experience of being, a fundamentally different relation between man and nature,
and fundamentally different existential relations.” 4 Marcuse believed that a
socialist society could be a society without needing the performance of the
“poor” and without as strong a suppression of our sexual drives: it could
replace “alienated labor” with “non-alienated libidinal work” resulting in “a
non-repressive civilization based on “non-repressive sublimation.” 5 The question was not how best
to organize a government or an economic system per se, but how to live life, a
“life without Angst,” according to Marcuse, in the philosophical sense used
by Heidegger and Sartre.
Reich’s notions were appropriated by the Frankfurt School in a project known as The Authoritarian Personality. In May 1944, the
American Jewish Committee ( AJC) established a Department of Scientific Research,
headed by Max Horkheimer, the director of the Frankfurt
School. AJC is one of the oldest Jewish
advocacy organizations in the US and has been described by the New York Timesas
“the dean of American Jewish
organizations.” 6 It was established in 1906 by a small group of American
Jews concerned about pogroms aimed at the Jewish population of Russia,
and was originally dominated by Jacob Schiff. Produced in 1950, The Authoritarian
Personality was the most significant of
the five of a project established by Horkheimer, called Studies in Prejudice,
produced during 1944–50.
The Studies in Prejudiceemployed a number of
Frankfurt School members who served in the
OSS during the war, as well as Theodor Adorno and others who, and
under Horkheimer’s direction, all reconstituted
the International Institute of Social Research in New York. The authors of The
Authoritarian Personalityincluded Theodor Adorno, R. Nevitt Sanford, Daniel J.
Levinson and Else Frenkel-Brunswik, a founding member of the Frankfurt School. Sanford had briefly become a research affiliate at the Tavistock Institute for Human Relations in
London before returning to the US to work at Vassar College. Dr. William
Morrow, the leading protégé of Dr. Kurt
Lewin, a key connection between the
Frankfurt School and the
Tavistock Institute, was a research director for the project.
The impetus of The Authoritarian Personalitywas the Holocaust and the perceived need to identify
the root causes of fascism that led to
it. Adorno and the others were thus
initially motivated by a desire to identify and measure factors that were
believed to contribute to anti-Semitic and fascist traits. The Frankfurt School’s “Critical Theory” preached
that fascism and anti-Semitism were rooted in the cultivation
of the “authoritarian personality,” which was a product of the “patriarchal,”
in other words, traditional family. Authors Adorno, Frenkel-Brunswik, Levinson
and Sanford assembled a large research team from the Berkeley Public Opinion
Study and the International Institute of Social Research,
to conduct thousands of interviews of
Americans, to profile their allegedly deep-seated tendencies toward authoritarianism,
prejudice, and anti-Semitism. Authoritarianism was measured by the F-scale. The
“F” was short for “pre-fascist personality.”
The
Authoritarian Personalitywas based in part on earlier Frankfurt School analyses undertaken in Germany, but with a number of
significant adaptations. Most
importantly, the Frankfurt School’s Marxist roots were downplayed. For example,
the earlier “authoritarian personality/revolutionary personality” dichotomy was changed to an “authoritarian
personality/democratic personality”
dichotomy to fit the
American experience. Thus,
values and behaviors earlier associated with revolutionary anti-liberal Marxism were transferred to support for democracy.
Like Reich,
Adorno and the other researchers argued that the authoritarian personality
suffers from a strict superego that controls a weak ego unable to cope with
strong Id impulses. In other words, certain appetites, especially sex, are
unnaturally suppressed by various moral conventions, particularly religion.
Because, according to these theories, there are no unnatural appetites. Effectively,
The Authoritarian Personalitysuggests
that people who identify with conservative views harbor repressed desires that
they cope with only by showing disdain for other groups of society, onto whom
they project the indulgence of these desires. In other words, they aim to
repress others for their difficulty in coming to
terms with their own desires.
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