Chapter
3:
TAKING
THE "PSYCHE"
OUT
OF PSYCHOLOGY
Among  the 
basic  studies  consulted 
by  Rockefeller-funded
scientists  and  others 
interested  in  social 
control  at  the beginning of this century  were those of the official Prussian state psychologist
Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt, professor of psychology at  the 
University  of  Heidelberg. 
It's  fascinating  that 
Wundt's grandfather  is  mentioned 
in  the  Illuminati 
Provincial  Report from  Utica 
(Heidelberg)  of  September 
1782,  as  being the member known as
"Raphael." [1]
During  the 
period  before  Wundt's 
ascendancy  in  the 
field, psychology  was  considered 
to  be,  simply 
enough,  the study  of the 
soul  or  mind 
(psyche).  Wundt  was 
to  change  all 
that, defining  and  propagandizing  for 
the  materialistic  viewpoint 
that would  disinform  the 
work  of  successors 
like  Pavlov, Skinner, and Watson.
Wundt  took 
a  chair  in 
philosophy  at  the 
University  of  Leipzig in 
1875,  establishing  the 
world's  first  psychological 
laboratory, creating  the  psychological 
journal  Philosophical  Studies, 
and redefining  psychology  for 
this  century.  Wundt 
stated  with characteristic  modesty, 
"The  work  which 
I  here  present 
to  the public  is 
an  attempt  to 
mark  out  a 
new  domain  in 
science." Wundt was to remain at the University  of 
Leipzig until his death in 1920.
Wundt's  doctrine 
might  be  characterized 
as  science  meets the 
Hegelian  sturm  und 
drang.  One  of 
the  primary  under- pinnings  of 
the  New  World 
Order  is  that 
its  strategy  for 
world conquest  originates  in 
the  philosophy  of 
Hegel.  Hegel  was  a professor  of 
philosophy  at  the  University  of 
Berlin,  and  his works 
formed  the  basis 
for  both  Marxist 
dialectical materialism and fascist Statism.
Hegel's  stated 
belief  was  that 
Man  is  subordinate 
to  the  State, and 
only  finds  fulfillment 
in  obedience  to  the
 diktats 
of  the State.  As 
he  said,  "The 
State  is  the 
absolute  reality  and 
the ndividual  himself  has 
objective  existence,  truth 
and  morality only  in 
his  capacity  as 
a  member  of  the  State." 
This  philosophy can  be 
and  has  been 
used  for  the 
justification  of  any 
number  of atrocities  committed 
upon  the  human 
race,  and  provides 
an unexamined  sub-stratum  to 
the  philosophies  of 
many  politicians today.  If 
only  the  omelette 
(the  State)  is 
important,  what  does 
it matter  if  we 
lose  a  few 
million  eggs  (humans) 
in  the  process 
of cooking up the dish?
Hegel  was 
the  originator  of  the  theory 
of  the  "dialectic,"  the idea 
that  conflict  determines 
history.  According  to Hegel, 
a force  (thesis)  dictates 
its  own  opposing 
force  (antithesis). These  forces 
in  conflict  result 
in  the  creation 
of  a  third 
force:  a synthesis.  Out 
of  this  synthesis 
the  process  begins again. 
Marx later  revised  the 
theory  of  the 
dialectic,  insisting  that 
only material  events  were 
relevant,  and  that 
the  dialectic  was inherent 
in  matter,  thus 
divorcing  the  idea 
from  metaphysics,  at least to his own satisfaction.
From  the 
theory  of  the 
dialectic  comes  the 
realization  that the  creation 
of  conflicts  can 
create  determined  outcomes, 
or syntheses.  Those  who 
promote  the  New 
World  Order,  again 
and again, are seen to be using the theory of the Hegelian dialectic to bring  it 
about.  They  are 
manipulating  events,  creating 
conflicts, creating  wars,  and 
destroying  the  lives  of 
untold  millions  in  the
bargain.  The  New 
World  Order  is  the  desired 
synthesis  of  the controlling forces operant in the world
today.
Naturally,  the 
Hegelian  system  goes 
completely  against  the grain 
of  most  people, 
particularly  in  the 
West,  who view  the individual  as 
the  true  sovereign. 
Thus  the  real 
enemies  are  not America 
vs.  the  Soviets, 
or  the  political 
Left  vs.  the 
Right,  but those who would
manipulate the yin and yang of history.To 
return  to  Wundt: 
Like  Marx,  he 
maintained  that  unless 
a thing  could  be 
scientifically  quantified,  there 
was no  point  in considering  it 
or  including  it  as 
a  factor  in 
scientific investigation. 
All  psychological  studies 
should  be  based 
upon physiology:  body  reactions.  Wundt 
essentially  redefined psychological  studies 
as  studies  of  the  brain 
and  nervous  system, and 
redefined  man  as  an  animal 
without  a  soul, 
thus legitimizing at  least  for 
his  associates  and 
their  employers  the treating 
of man  as  such. 
This,  no  doubt, 
was  a  welcome 
rationalization  for the
controllers who could now happily slaughter whomever theypleased  without 
fear  of  ultimate 
spiritual  retribution  or accounting.
Wundt  said, 
"it  truly  appears 
to  be  a 
useless  waste of  energy to 
keep  returning  to 
such  aimless  discussions 
about the  nature of  the 
psyche,  which  were 
in  vogue  for 
a  while,  and practically still  are, 
instead,  rather,  of 
applying  one's  energies 
where  they will produce real
results."
According  to 
researcher  Paolo  Lionni, 
"For  Wundt,  will 
was the  direct  result 
of  the  combination 
of  perceived  stimuli, 
not  an independent,  individual 
intention  as  psychology 
and philosophy had, with some notable exceptions, held up to that
time."
Wundt's  rejection 
of  the  intangibles 
of  life,  such 
as  soul, mind,  and 
free  will,  have 
influenced  psychiatry  and psychology up  to 
the  present  day. 
And  now  you 
know  why  shrinks look 
so weird  and  often 
have  nervous  tics. 
They  have  been 
taught  that they do not have a
soul. [2]
According  to 
one  chronicler  of  the
 history 
of  psychology, after Wundt's
theories became popular,"Naturally 
Leipzig  became  the  Mecca  of 
students  who wished to study the
'new' psychology—a psychology that wasno longer a branch  of 
speculative  philosophy,  no 
longer  a  fragment 
of  the science  of 
physiology,  but  a  novel  and 
daring  and  exciting attempt  to 
study  mental  processes 
by  the  experimental 
and quantitive  methods  common 
to  all  science. 
For  the  psychology of 
Leipzig  was,  in 
the  eighties  and  nineties,  the 
newest  thing under  the 
sun.  It  was 
the  psychology  for 
bold  young radicals who  believed 
that  the  ways 
of  the  mind 
could  be  measured 
and treated 
experimentally—and  who  possibly 
thought  of  themselves, in  their 
private  reflections,  as 
pioneers  on  the 
newest  frontier  of science, 
pushing  its  method 
into  reaches  of 
experience  that  it had 
never  before  invaded. 
At  any  rate 
they  threw  themselves into  their 
tasks  with  industry 
and  zest.  They  became  trained introspectionists  and, 
adding  introspection  to 
the  resources  of the 
physiological  laboratories,  they 
attempted  the  minute analysis  of 
sensation  and  perception. 
They  measured reaction- times,  following 
their  problems  into 
numerous  and  widespread ramifications.  They 
investigated  verbal  reactions, 
thus extending  their  researches 
into  the  field 
of  association.  They measured 
the  span  and 
the  fluctuations  of 
attention and  noted some  of 
its  more  complex 
features  in  the 
'complication experiment,'  a  laboratory 
method  patterned  after 
the  situation that  gave 
rise  to  the 
astronomer's  problem  of 
the  'personal equation.' In their
studies of feeling and emotion they recorded pulse-rates,  breathing 
rates,  and  fluctuations 
in  muscular strength,  and 
in  the  same 
connection  they  developed methods of  recording 
systematically  and  treating 
statistically  the impressions  observed 
by  introspection.  They 
also  developed  the psychophysical  methods 
and  in  addition 
made  constant  use  of
resources  of  the 
physiological  laboratory.  And 
throughout  all their  endeavors 
they  were  dominated 
by  the  conception 
of  a psychology  that 
should  be  scientific  as 
opposed  to  speculative; always  they 
attempted  to  rely 
on  exact  observation, experimentation,  and 
measurement.  Finally  when 
they left Leipzig  and  worked 
in  laboratories  of 
their  own—chiefly  in American or German universities—most of
them retained enough of  the  Leipzig 
impress  to  teach 
a  psychology  that, 
whatever  the subsequent  development 
of  the  individual's 
thought, bore  traces of the
system which was recognized at Leipzig as orthodox." [3]
The  essence 
of  Wundt's  research 
was  that  man 
was  a machine,  albeit 
a  soft  one. 
Wundt  also  went 
along  with  the Hegelian 
axiom  that  man 
was  simply  a 
cog  in  the 
greater machine  of  the 
State.  Was  it 
just  a  coincidence 
that  Wundt  and his 
cohorts,  funded  by 
and  working  with 
the  Prussian  military and 
political  establishment,  provided 
the  justification  for treating 
humanity  as  individual  pieces 
of  nearly  valueless machinery, to be tinkered with or
destroyed at will?
Wundt,  along 
with  other  Hegelians, 
rejected  the  moral equation  in 
dealing  with  mankind—thereby  putting 
man  in  a  test
tube—and  by  doing 
so  opened  the 
door  to  many 
of  the atrocities that  followed 
in  this  century, 
including  the  horrors 
of  mind control.  Another 
mainstay  in  the 
arsenal  of  elitist mind 
control research  was  the 
work  of  Ivan  Petrovich  Pavlov, 
who studied physiology  at  Leipzig 
in  1884,  five 
years  after  Wundt 
had  a laboratory  there, 
and  first  worked 
at  the  St. 
Petersburg  Military Medical  Academy 
in  Russia.  In 
1906  Pavlov  cut 
holes in  dogs' cheeks  and 
inserted  tubes  to 
measure  salivation.  A 
bell  was  rung just before food was given to the dogs,
and after aperiod of time it  was  observed 
that  the  ringing 
of  the  bell 
alone  would  increase the rate of the dogs' salivation.
The  observation 
that  responses  could 
be  so  precisely conditioned  was 
then  brainstormed  to 
apply  to  the 
mental processes  of  humans—and 
Pavlov's  successors,  the 
shrinks  and social  controllers, 
have  continued  ringing 
their  bells,  selectively keeping us drooling ever since.
[4]
Shortly  after 
Pavlov  was  driving 
dogs  crazy  in 
Russia,  John  B.  Watson
at Johns Hopkins University—the Hegel hotbedfor the United  States—was 
doing  the  same 
thing  to  humans. 
Watson, the  founder  of 
what  is  known 
as  the  behaviorist 
school  of psychology—but  is 
really  only  research 
following  in the  dark shadow of Wundt—believed that complex
forms of behavior could be 
programmed  into  humans. 
He  conducted  one 
experiment  in which a young boy,
"Little Albert," was given a white rat to play with. After the boy
became accustomed to the rat, Watson would beat 
on  the  floor 
with  a  steel 
bar  every  time 
the  rat  was 
brought in.  The  boy 
was  understandably  terrified 
by  such  lunatic behavior,  and 
eventually  reacted  with  terror 
every  time  the 
rat was  given  to 
him,  and  finally, 
whenever  any  small 
furry  animal was around him.
Dr.  Watson 
himself  drooled  over 
the  possibilities  of 
this  kind of mechanical
conditioning of human beings: "Give me the baby, and  I'll 
make  it  climb 
and  use  its 
hands  in  constructing buildings  of 
stone  or  wood... 
I'll  make  it 
a  thief, a  gunman 
or  a dope  fiend. 
The  possibilities  of  shaping  in 
any  direction  are almost 
endless...  Men  are 
built,  not  born." 
Watson  later  became a 
highly  successful  advertising 
executive,  although there  are  no
records available of what happened to Little Albert. [5]
In  the 
late  1930s,  Harvard 
psychologist  Burrhus  Frederick (B.F.)  Skinner, 
an  unapologetic  student 
of  Wundt's  theories, 
and a member of U.S. Army intelligence, fine-tuned  the 
art of human control  into  what 
he  termed  "operant 
conditioning," becoming a 
guru  to  generations 
of  mind  shapers 
that  followed.  His 
simple (and  quite  familiar, 
by  this  time) 
notion  was  that  the
reinforcement  of  a 
repeated  negative  stimulus 
(punishment)  orpositive stimulus
(reward) formed the basis for learned behavior Skinner's  early 
experiments  produced  pigeons 
that  could dance,  do 
figure  eights,  and 
play  table  tennis. 
His experiments did not stop with pigeons.
Skinner's  most 
famous  invention,  aimed 
at  producing a
"socialized  child,"  was 
the  environmentally  controlled 
"Skinner box,"  a  crib-sized 
container  into  which 
he  put  scores 
of children,  including  his 
own.  His  ultimate 
aim  was  not 
only  to control  the 
behavior  of  isolated 
persons,  but  to 
gain  insights  into how to control society as a whole. [6]
Skinner's  most 
explicit  statement  of  his  philosophy, ultimately  one 
of  world  control, 
is  contained  in 
his  book  Walden Two. 
written  in  1948. 
The  book  describes 
a  perfect  communist utopia run along behaviorist lines.In  Walden 
Two  society  is  run  by 
Frazier,  a  straw 
man designed to dramatize Skinner's beliefs about human conditioning.  Below 
Frazier  in  the 
pigeon-pecking  order  are 
six Planners,  who  in 
turn  run  Managers, 
who  are  held 
responsible for  the  "controlees"  who 
perform  the  menial 
tasks  of  daily 
life. Members of the Walden Two society follow a puritanical "Code
of Conduct," that applies to virtually every aspect ofday-to-day life, including  the 
forbidding  of  midnight 
snacks.  Education  is  a subset  of 
"human 
engineering,"  and  children 
are  turned  over 
to the  group  by 
the  parents.  "Home 
is  no  place 
to  raise  children," drawls  Frazier, 
his  philosophy  one 
that  has  seemingly 
been adopted by many current-day shrinks and social workers.
The  essence 
of  Walden  Two  is  the 
application  of  positive 
and negative  reinforcement  to 
create  a  smoothly 
running state,  free of such
unwanted encumbrances as crime and choice.Skinner  followed 
up  his  vision 
of  Walden  Two 
in  1971,  with his 
vastly  hyped  nonfiction 
book  Beyond  Freedom 
and Dignity, awarded  the  honor 
of  being  the 
most  important  book 
of  the  year by 
the  New  York 
Times.  "What  is  needed  is 
more  control,  not less," Skinner reminded us. [7]
It  may 
be  revelatory  that 
throughout  his  life, 
Skinner  was interested  in 
mechanical  contraptions,  even 
working for  years on  a 
perpetual  motion  machine. 
His  view  of 
the  composition  of human 
beings  was  no  less  mechanical—a 
vision  which characterizes  the 
philosophies  of  most  psychiatrists 
to  this  day. 
This  atheist/materialistic  viewpoint, 
again,  provides  a justification  for 
the  atrocities  which  are  daily 
committed  in  the name 
of  science:  How 
can  it  be 
unethical  to  tinker 
with,  or  even destroy a human, if in fact he is really
only a machine? With  B.F.  Skinner, 
the  philosophy  of 
psychosocial  control  was finely 
honed.  Although  many 
psychologists  today  insist 
that  the behaviorist's  vision 
of  a  controlled 
world  is  crude and 
outdated, and  that  a 
docile  society  cannot 
be  engineered  by 
science,  they protest  too 
much.  The  behaviorist 
doctrine—forecast by  Hegel, invented  by 
Wundt,  and  fostered 
by  a  legion 
of  followers  in science and education—is firmly in place in
the halls of academia and  in  the 
offices  of  population-shaping  worldwide, and  are being 
applied  at  every 
level  of  society. 
The  elite  could 
not  be happier if the whole world
was placed in a Skinner box.
NOTES:
1.   Sutton, 
Antony  C.,  America's 
Secret  Establishment,  (Liberty 
House Press,  Billings,  Montana, 
1986);  Lionni,  Paolo, 
The Leipzig  Connection. (Sheridan,
Oregon: Delphian Press, 1988) 
2.  "Hegel, 
Georg  Wilhelm  Friedrich."  New 
York:  Funk  & 
Wagnalls  New Encyclopedia, 1973;
Lionni 
3.  Heidbreder, 
Edna,  Seven  Psychologies. 
(New  York:  D. Appleton- Century Company, Inc., 1933) 
4.  Lionni; 
Bowart,  Walter,  Operation 
Mind  Control.  (New 
York:  Dell Paperback,  1977); 
"Pavlov,  Ivan  Petrovich,"  The  Encyclopedia  Americana, 
(New York, Americana Corporation, 1963) 
5.  Watson, 
John  B.,  quoted 
in  Bowart;  Packard, 
Vance.  The  People Shapers. (New York: Little, Brown,
1977) 
6.  Bowart; 
Packard;  Judge,  John, 
"The  Secret  Government,"  Dharma Combat number 10
7.  Packard; 
Skinner,  B.F.,  Walden 
Two.  (New  York: 
Macmillan Company, 1962)


Chapter
4:
HEY
TEACHER, LEAVE
THOSE
KIDS ALONE!
One  of 
the  major  world 
arenas  in  which 
Hegelian  philosophy and  the 
materialistic  anti-psychology  of 
Wundt  has  been 
applied is that of education. In 
1819  in  Prussia 
the  first  compulsory 
schooling  for children  was 
instituted.  According  to 
educator  John Taylor Gatto,  society 
in  Prussia  was 
divided  "into  children 
who  will become  policy 
makers;  children  who 
will  become  assistants 
to policy  makers  (the 
engineers,  architects,  lawyers, 
and  doctors); and the children
who will be the vast, massed, used.
"Prussia  sets 
up  a  three-tier 
school  system,  in 
which  one  half of 
one  percent  of 
the  population  is  taught  to 
think.  They  go  to school  called 
academie.  Five  and 
a  half  percent 
of  the population  go 
to  Realschulen,  where 
they  partially  learn 
to think,  but  not 
completely,  because  Prussia 
believed their  defeat at  the 
hands  of  Napoleon 
was  caused  by 
people  thinking  for themselves  at  times  of 
stress  on  the 
battlefield.  They  were going 
to  see  to 
it  that  scientifically  this 
couldn't  happen.  The lowest 
94%,  (that's  some 
pyramid,  right?)  went 
to  volkschulen, where  they 
were  to  learn 
harmony,  obedience,  freedom 
from stressful  thinking,  how 
to  follow  orders. 
They  worked  out  a system  that 
would  in  fact 
guarantee  such  results. 
In  the volkschulen,  it 
was  to  divide 
whole  ideas  (which 
really simultaneously 
participate  in  math, 
science,  social thinking, language  and 
art)  into  subjects 
which  hardly  had 
existed  before, to  divide 
the  subjects  further 
into  units;  to 
divide  the  time 
into small  enough  units 
of  time.  With 
enough  variations  in 
the  course of a day, no one would
know what was going on." [1]
In  the 
middle  of  the 
last  century  a 
member  of  the 
secret Skull and Bones society, following in the Prussian tradition,
setin  motion  an 
American  educational  revolution 
that  has  subverted the 
entire  system  toward 
the  goals  of 
the  New  World Order. 
That  man 
was  Daniel  Coit 
Gilman,  first  president 
of Johns Hopkins  University  and 
of  the  Carnegie 
Institution. Gilman studied 
Hegelian  philosophy  at 
the  University  of 
Berlin  in  1854- 55. 
Also  at  the 
University  of  Berlin 
during  this  time 
was  the earlier  mentioned 
Wilhelm  Wundt,  who 
was  key  in 
applying Hegelian-styled psychology to the world.
Gilman  came 
from  a  family 
of  Bonesmen  and, 
after  hereturned  from 
Germany,  in  1856 
became  treasurer  of 
Skull  and Bones.  Simultaneously,  Gilman 
became  assistant  librarian 
at Yale,  and  was 
appointed  to  the 
position  of  head 
librarian  two years later. During  the 
same  period  Skull  and 
Bones  covertly  took 
over the  administration  of 
Yale  University,  with 
the  presidency  of  the
school  from  that 
period  forward  turned 
over  to  a 
succession  of illuminized  Bonesmen. 
According  to  The 
Iconoclast  (October 13, 1873),
"They 
have  obtained  control 
of  Yale.  Its 
business  is performed  by 
them.  Money  paid 
to  the  college 
must  pass  into their 
hands,  and  be 
subject  to  their 
will.  No  doubt they 
are worthy  men  in 
themselves,  but  the 
many  whom  they  looked
down  upon  while 
in  college,  cannot 
so  far  forget 
as to  give money  freely 
into  their  hands. 
Men  in  Wall 
Street  complain  that the 
college  comes  straight 
to  them  for 
help,  instead  of 
asking each  graduate  for 
his  share.  The  reason  is 
found  in a  remark made by one of Yale's and America's
first men: 'Fewwill give but Bones men, and they  care far more for their societythan they do for  the 
college.'  The  Woolsey  Fund 
has  but  a 
struggling existence,  for  kindred 
reasons...  Here,  then, 
appears  the  true reason 
for  Yale's  poverty. 
She  is  controlled 
by  a  few 
men  who shut  themselves 
off  from  others, 
and  assume  to 
be  their superiors..."
Gilman  met 
with  Frederick  T. 
Gates,  who  ran 
Rockefeller's foundations, 
and  he  implored 
him  to  set 
up  the  Southern Educational  Board, 
merging  the  Slater 
and  Peabody  funds. Gilman 
called  the  foundation 
the  General  Education Board—signaling  his 
intentions.  The  organization 
was  later renamed The Rockefeller
Foundation. [2]
Gilman  was 
the  first  president 
of  Johns  Hopkins 
University, and  he  carefully 
chose  for  the 
faculty  members  from the 
Skull and  Bones  and 
other  groups  of  the 
Hegelian  stripe.  Among those was G. Stanley Hall, the first of
Wundt's American students to make a mark. Hall's training in Leipzig was
paidfor by a loan from a member of Scroll & Key, sister society to Skull
and Bones at  Yale.  In 
Leipzig,  Hall  immersed 
himself  in  Hegelian-inspired psychological  studies 
taught  by  materialist 
psychologists  like Hartmann,  Helmholtz, 
and  his  greatest 
influence,  Wundt. Returning  to 
America  in  1883, 
he  took  over  the  psychological laboratory  at 
the  new  Johns 
Hopkins,  and  started 
the  American Psychological  Association 
and  the  American 
Journal  of Psychology.
According  to 
Hall,  "The  psychology 
I  taught  was 
almost entirely  experimental  and 
covered  for  the 
most  part the material  that 
Wundt  had  set 
forth  in  the 
later  and  larger 
edition of Physiological Psychology." [3]
In  1889 
Hall  was  chosen 
as  the  first 
president  of  the 
newly established  Clark  University 
in  Worcester,  Massachusetts.  Hall was the mentor of one of the most
influential namesin American education of this century: John Dewey.
Dewey  studied 
under  Hall  at 
Johns  Hopkins,  moving 
on  to teach  at 
the  universities  of 
Michigan  and  Minnesota. 
Another major  influence  upon 
Dewey  was  the  Hegelian  philosopher George  Sylvester 
Morris,  who  had  received  his 
doctorate  from the  University 
of  Berlin.  According 
to  Dewey,  echoing 
the sentiments of his Prussian mentors,"There  is 
no  god,  and 
there  is  no 
soul.  There  are 
no  needs for the props of
traditional religion.
"With  dogma 
and  creed  excluded, 
then  immutable  truth 
is also dead and buried."There 
is  no  room 
for  fixed,  natural 
law  or  permanent 
moral absolutes." [4]
Dewey  published 
the  first  American 
textbook  on  Hegelian philosophy  as 
applied  to  the 
Wundtian  psychological
innovations in  his  book 
Psychology.  In  1895 
he  joined  the 
faculty  at  the Rockefeller-funded  University 
of  Chicago,  heading 
the philosophy,  psychology,  and 
teaching  departments,  and establishing  an 
education  laboratory  called 
the  Dewey  School, later 
known  as  the 
Laboratory  School  of 
the  University  of Chicago.
Dewey  followed 
the  Wundtian  example 
in  his  insistence 
that education  was  not 
the  teaching  of  mental  skills 
such  as  reading and 
writing,  but  in 
the  channeling  of 
raw  experiences  to  the
evolving  mind  of 
the  child;  a 
sort  of  psychic 
Skinner's  box version  of 
education.  The  traditional 
role  of  the 
teacher  as  educator was replaced by the teacher as
shrink,  socializer, eugenicist and
herald of the coming world superstate.
Dewey  believed 
that  the  purpose 
of  public  schools 
was  to "take  an 
active  part  in 
determining  the  social 
order  of  the future... 
according  as  the 
teachers  align  themselves 
with  the newer forces making for
social control of economic forces." [5]
Dewey  also 
remarked  that  "The 
school  is  primarily 
a social institution. 
Education  being  a  social  process, 
the  school  is simply 
that  form  of 
community  life  in 
which  all  those 
agencies are  concentrated  that 
will  be  most 
effective  in  bringing 
the  child to  share 
in  the  inherited 
resources  of  the 
race,  and  to  use  his own 
powers  for  social 
ends.  Education,  therefore, 
is  a  process of living and not a preparation for
future living."[6] For  Dewey,  the 
issue  was  always 
how  the  child 
related  to  the State, rather than how the State related
to the child.
Another  student 
of  Wundt,  who 
was  to  prove 
to  be  perhaps the 
most  successful  popularizer 
of  the  new 
psychology  that abolished  the 
psyche,  was  James  McKeen  Cattell. 
Cattell  was Wundt's  assistant 
in  Leipzig  in  the  years 
1883-86,  receiving  his Ph.D. 
from  the  grand 
old  man  in  1886.  Lecturing 
in  Cambridge in  1887, 
Cattell  met  and 
was  converted  to 
Social  Darwinism  by Darwin's 
cousin,  the  English 
psychologist  Francis  Galton, 
the man  responsible  for 
the  popularization  at 
the  beginning  of 
this century of the science of eugenics and selective breeding.
In  1887 
Cattell  established  at  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania  a psychological laboratory of the Wundtian
mold, thenmoved on in 1891  to  head 
the  new  psychology 
department  at  Columbia University.  Cattell 
was  tremendously  influential 
in disseminating the  new  overtly 
materialistic  psychology,  and 
did  so  by establishing  a 
host  of  magazines,  including 
The  Psychological Review,  Science, 
Scientific  Monthly,  and 
School  and Society. He  also 
published  reference  works 
including  American  Men  of
Science,  Leaders  in 
Education,  and  The 
Directory  of American Scholars,  an 
effective  strategy  for  screwing  Wundtian-school psychologists into the
mainstream of American thought.
Another  of 
Cattell's  questionable  feats 
was  the  abolition 
of  the use  of 
phonics  methods  for 
teaching  reading.  Cattell 
popularized the 
"Look-Say"  method  of 
teaching  reading,  a 
technique  that according  to 
some  sources  had 
been  invented  by 
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet for teaching the deaf. Although Gallaudet was not
a member of Skull and Bones, two of his sons attended  Yale and were initiated into the secret
society.
Following  upon 
the  insight  of 
Gallaudet  in  teaching the 
deaf, Cattell came to the conclusion that the direct memorization of words  would 
increase  literacy  if  applied  to 
normal  students. Experience  in 
subsequent  years  has  not  proven 
this  to  be  the
case,  obviously,  and 
one  byproduct  of 
Cattell's  advocacy  of  the
"Look-Say"  theory  is 
that  as  we 
approach  the  21st 
century millions of American adults cannot read or write atall.
The  whole 
story  about  Gallaudet 
may  in  fact 
be  a  sanitization of  what 
actually  happened.  Educator 
John  Taylor  Gatto attributes  the 
"Look-Say"  method  to 
the  Prussian  system 
of schooling,  where  this 
system  of  not-teaching-reading  was 
used essentially  to  disadvantage 
all  but  the 
privileged  class.  Gatto says, 
"So  they  figured 
out  that  by  replacing  the 
alphabet  system of  teaching 
reading  we  teach 
sounds.  (The  Prussian 
System  was a  whole 
sentence  system,  rather 
than  a  whole 
word  system.  You memorize 
whole  sentences.)  If 
they  could  get 
the  kids  and 
keep them  from  reading 
well  for  the 
first  six  and 
seven  years,  then 
it didn't  matter  after 
that.  They  had 
broken  the  link 
between printed information." [7]
Possibly  the 
most  effective  Trojan 
horse  for  injecting 
the Wundtian  theory  of 
man-as-machine  into  the 
American educational 
establishment  was  an 
individual,  James  Earl 
Russell, who  studied  under  and  received 
his  doctorate  from 
Wundt  in 1894.  Russell 
became  dean  of  the  New 
York  College  for 
the Training  of  Teachers, 
which  he  would  run 
for  thirty years  while heavily 
weighting  its  faculty 
with  practitioners  of the 
Wundtian school,  at  the 
same  time  turning 
it  into  the 
largest  institution for the
training of teachers in the country.
Another  luminary 
in  the  shrink-wrapping  of 
American education  was  Edward 
Lee  Thorndike,  who  studied 
with Wundtians  Armstrong  and 
Judd  at  Wesleyan 
University,  graduating  in 
1895.  Thorndike  moved  on 
to  Columbia  University, where  he 
specialized  in  studying 
animals  in  "puzzle box"  mazes, finally finding his niche at Teachers College
underRussell.
According  to 
Thorndike,  teaching  was 
"The  art  of 
giving  and withholding  stimuli 
with  the  result 
of  producing  or preventing certain  responses. 
In  this  definition  the 
term  stimulus  is 
used widely  for  any  event  which 
influences  a  person,—for a 
word spoken  to  him, 
a  look,  a 
sentence  which  he 
reads,  the  air  he
breathes,  etc.  etc. 
The  term  response 
is  used  for 
any  reaction made by  him, —anew thought,  a feeling of interest,  a bodily  act, any 
mental  or  bodily 
condition  resulting  from 
the  stimulus.  The aim 
of  the  teacher 
is  to  produce 
desirable  and  prevent undesirable  changes 
in  human  beings 
by  producing  and preventing certain responses. The means
at the disposal of the teacher  are  the 
stimuli  which  can  be  brought 
to  bear  upon 
the pupil,  —the  teacher's 
words,  gestures,  and 
appearance,  the condition  and 
appliances  of  the 
school  room,  the 
books  to  be used, and objects to be seen, and so on
through a long list of the things and events which the teacher can
control." [8]
Thorndike further stated, "Studies  of 
the  capacities  and  interests  of 
young  children indicate  the 
advisability  of  placing 
little  emphasis  before 
the  age of  six 
upon  either  the 
acquisition  of  those 
intellectual  resources known  as 
the  formal  tools 
—reading,  spelling,  arithmetic, writing, etc. —or upon abstract
intellectual analysis...
"Despite  rapid 
progress  in  the 
right  direction  the 
program  of the  average 
elementary  school  is  too  narrow 
and  academic  in character. 
Traditionally  the  elementary 
school  has  been primarily  devoted 
to  teaching  the 
fundamental  subjects,  the three 
R's,  and  closely 
related  disciplines...  Artificial 
exercises, like  drills  on 
phonetics,  multiplication  tables, 
and  formal  writing movements,  are 
used  to  a 
wasteful  degree.  Subjects 
such  as arithmetic,  language, 
and  history  include 
content  that  is intrinsically  of 
little  value.  Nearly 
every  subject is  enlarged unwisely  to 
satisfy  the  academic 
ideal  of  thoroughness. 
That  the typical  school 
overemphasizes  instruction  in 
these  formal, academic  skills 
as  a  means 
of  fostering  intellectual  resources... 
is a  justifiable  criticism... 
Elimination  of  unessentials 
by  scientific study, then, is one
step in improving the curriculum." [9]
The  emphasis 
by  Thorndike  and 
his  fellows  on  the
"socialization"  of  the 
student—in  fact  the 
subjugation  of  the student 
to  the  social 
order—as  opposed  to 
the  teaching  of specific 
skills,  is  another 
factor  that  has 
led  to  a 
general breakdown  of  literacy 
in  the  United  States, 
while  at  the 
same time  providing  no 
noticeable  increase  in 
the  ability  to socialize—in fact, obviously the contrary.Thorndike  believed 
that,  "Education  is 
interested  primarily in  the 
general  interrelation  of  man  and 
his  environment,  in  all
the  changes  which 
make  possible  a 
better  adjustment of  human nature to its surroundings."
This  is 
another  important  aspect 
of  Thorndike's  and all 
of  the other  latter-day 
Wundtians'  philosophies.  Man 
is  an animal  who must 
adapt  to  the  environment,  that  is, 
the  social  system 
and political  regime,  rather 
than  adapting  the 
environment  to  his own 
vision.  Man  is 
to  be  conditioned 
to  accept  the circumstances  that 
he  finds  himself 
in,  not  learn 
to  change them. Again, the
controlling elite haveno qualms about changing 
society  or  the 
environment  to  conform 
to  their  own whims—even  if 
it  takes  'dozing 
a  rainforest—it  is 
only  the rebellious  public-schooled  who 
must  have  the 
devastating  defect of  individuality 
brainwashed  out  of  them.  The 
socialization  tech-niques used by
the Wundtians create robots, not sociable people.
Working  out 
of  the  Teachers 
College  at  Columbia 
University  and  the 
later-established  Lincoln  School, 
and  dependent  upon  a
steady  infusion  of 
Rockefeller  money,  the 
major  lights  in  the
field  of 
Wundtian  psychology,  including 
Thorndike,  Cattell, Russell,  and 
Dewey,  kick-started  "educational"  psychology, remaking  the 
face  of  American  schooling. 
And  many  of 
these disciples  of  Wundt 
were  very  straightforward  in 
proclaiming  that the purpose of
educational psychology was the creation of a New World Order.
By  the 
1950s  the  Teachers 
College  was  indisputably 
the  most powerful  force 
in  education  in 
America,  with  approximately 
one third  of  all 
school  presidents  and 
deans,  and  one 
fourth  of  all American 
teachers  accredited  there. 
It  must  have 
been reassuring  to  the 
Rockefellers  and  their 
ilk  to  see that materialistic  psychology 
and  education  had 
won,  and was  now accepted as the norm in American school
systems.
NOTES:
1.   Gatto, 
John  Taylor,  "Origins 
&  History  of 
American  Compulsory
Schooling,"  an  interview 
conducted  by  Jim 
Martin,  Flatland  magazine 
number 11 
2.  Sutton, 
Antony  C.,  America's 
Secret  Establishment.  (Billings, Montana:  Liberty 
House  Press,  1986); 
Mullins,  Eustace,  The 
Curse  of  Canaan. (Staunton, Virginia: Revelation
Books, 1987) 
3.  Hall, G. Stanley, Cited in Sutton 
4.  Dewey, 
John.  Cited  in 
Ralph  A.  Epperson. 
The  New  World 
Order. (Tucson, Arizona: Publius Press, 1990) 
5.  Lionni; 
Sutton;  Dewey,  John. 
Quoted  in  Allen, 
Gary, "Hands  off  our Children!," American Opinion, volume
XVIII, No. 9, October, 1975 
6.  Dewey, John, My Pedagogic Creed, cited in
Sutton 
7.  Gatto 
8.  Thorndike, 
Edward  L.,  The 
Principles  of  Teaching Based  on Psychology. (New York: A.G. Seiler, 1925)
9.  Thorndike, 
Edward  L.,  and 
Arthur  I.  Gates, 
Elementary Principles  of
Education. (New York: Macmillan, 1929)

CONTINUE.....
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